Robespierre and The Reign of Terror

The Reign of Terror was a period of violence that came soon after the French Revolution. The Guillotine was the instrument at hand during this time. A guillotine is a device used for carrying out executions by taking off the head of the victim. The Reign of Terror came to be because people couldn't function without a leader or someone to guide them, thus people began to panic. Max Robespierre was one of the leaders of the Enlightenment and the Reign of Terror. Robespierre became mad with the guillotine and killed anyone he thought was out to get him. Other members of the government became great with fear and created a conspiracy to get rid of Robespierre. He was later executed himself.

French Revolution

1) Look back at the information on these sheets. List the reasons why many people in
France were critical of:
a) the nobility- Owned a large piece of land with no taxes. Had more political power.
b) the King- People thought the king had too much power. The king was being selfish and lazy.
c) The clergy- Little taxes had to be paid, had more political power.

2) What might a French peasant have grumbled about in 1789? The price of bread being doubled.

3) Look at source A. Explain what point you think the cartoonist was making. Remember
to explain the significance of the three characters, as well as the caption underneath. I think the cartoonist was trying to explain that peasants are caring and providing for the feudal lords and
the clergy. The caption is telling what peasants hope for which is an equal and fair system.

4) How does the author of source B describe the lives of French peasants? (remember: it
is not enough to say ‘good’ or ‘bad’ – you need to give examples from the source!) The author of source B tells that the life of French peasants is hard because they are poor and are working with very little. Yet they have to pay many taxes to the king and the nobles.

5) Study sources A, B and C together. Do these sources explain why poor people in
France resented the rich? Explain your answer using the sources. Sources A,B, and C don't state that the poor people of France resented the rich, the sources only gave examples of how hard life was for them. The sources explained that they simply wished the times of hard labor with no reward were over.

6) Rousseau (source D) was an influential writer at this time. Along with other writers
like Voltaire, he wanted France to have a more democratic form of government. Who
would be most influenced by his words and why? (remember to include extracts form
the source in your answer.) The peasants would have been most influenced with his writing because his writing was based on his belief that the people should have more power; and that is what the peasants have been asking for. The title of his writing basically tells it all.

7) The pamphlet which source D came from was banned in 1775. Why do you think this
was? Which members of French society would want it to be banned? I think it was banned because the nobles and clergy; people who have a more extravagant life would be in fear that after the peasants read this piece of writing they would revolt against them and the King.

John Locke and "The Enlightenment"

A great effort of the Decleration of Independence stated that we all are equal and as a equal we are granted with rights. Rights among these of life, liberty, and the persuite of happiness. Our rights are secured by the men that make up our goverment. The goverments power is divided by the men, some men may have more power than the other due to their position in the goverment and / or political system. The goverment got many of its early ideas from the democracy of Great Britain and former kings.
The Decleration has been attacked by the people once before and if it shall happen again, the Decleration would be altered to help ease the people closer to their happiness.

Copernicus and the Trial of Galileo

One of the first scientific revolution theories was that the world worked like a big machine. Another theory was that the Earth was placed at the center of the universe, this theory was then revised to the heliocentric theory in which the Earth was simply one of a number of planets orbiting the sun.
Galileo Galilei was trialed to the Holy office because he promoted in his book that the Earth did not sit in the center in the universe but it rotated among the sun with other planets. Basically Galileo was going against the statements in the Bible. The church believed that the Earth was in the center of the universe and everything rotated around the Earth. Galileo believed that the Earth rotated around the sun with other little planets. Galileo was first sentenced to life imprisoned but later on was pressed to house arrest. This was the ending of the Italian Renaissance.

The Scientific Method

The Scientific Method is a step by step process in which a scientific question is tested. With the scientific method we can process infromation, even find out new information. The steps of the scientific method are: Create a question, form a hypothesis, conduct an experiment, observe, collect and analyze data, lastly conclude what you have found. A hypothesis is an educated guess. After forming your hypothesis you test it with an experiment. Once your experiment is complete observation takes place, thus collecting data. The conclusion states wether your hypothesis was correct or false.
For emaple, my question is: If I place 4 drops of food coloring in each corner of a plate filled with milk and added a drop of soap, will the colors,milk, and soap mix together? I then hypothesized that the colors will not mix just spread along the plate, and once the soap is added the colors will create a tie dye affect. I then complete an experiment were i tested my hypothesis. After my observation, I compared my notes with my hypothesis. Due to my experiment, I concluded that my hypothesis was correct. The colors did not mix but spread, then created a tie dye affect.

Evolution vs. Creation

Evolution is the making of a creature that was modified from its ancestors. When they say modified, they mean going through a period of change so they can survive in the wild. Evolution is more described as natural selection. Natural selection is the passing of an advantage that a animal has to its young so the young inherits its. Thus causing the disadvantage to die out due to the advantage being passed from generation to generation. Evolution is natural so it takes time, over every minute or second of that long or short time period, the animal\creature is slowly going through dramatic changes.
Creation is more of a religious belief. Creation is the belief that life was descended upon God, that God made humanity. Creation believes that we were made upon this Earth in 7 days; as stated in Genesis chapter1,while evolution states it took million of years for us to evolve. The book of Genesis is for both Jews and Christians.
I kind of go aside with both creation and evolution.I choose both because i believe we did evolve from many cells. But i also think some one had to help, or plan our growth and destiny on Earth. I cant really rely on the Bible because everyone believes something different and the bible isn't a primary source in my eyes.

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